Geranium Rose
Geranium Rose Essential Oil
Floral • Sweet • Balancing
Geranium Rose essential oil is distilled from the leaves and flowering tops of Pelargonium graveolens, commonly called rose-scented geranium. Its aroma blends sweet floral notes with bright green and rosy tones, making it cherished in perfumery, aromatherapy, and herbal wellness.
Cultivation, Yield & Aroma Variability
In a study of geranium rose cultivated in Türkiye, the essential oil content and chemical profile differed significantly by region. Plants from Kırşehir yielded approximately 0.70% oil, while those from Adana had about 0.34%. Major components included citronellol, geraniol, and citronellyl formate. This shows how growing conditions influence both scent and strength. Changes of Essential Oil Content and Composition of Rose-Scented Geranium in different Turkish regions.
Chemical Composition & Biological Activity
GC-MS analysis of rose-scented geranium oil from Tunisia identified over 40 compounds. The oil was dominated by citronellol (≈ 28%), geraniol (≈ 26%), linalool (≈ 6.5%), along with minor constituents like Δ-selinene. The oil showed promising antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains in vitro. Phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activities from Tunisia.
Seasonal & Cultivar Differences
A study of several cultivars (e.g. Bourbon, CIM-Pawan, Kelkar) in the Himalayas found significant seasonal variation in essential oil yield and profile. Bourbons showed more geraniol (up to ~34.6%), citronellol up to ~31.3%, and interestingly cultivar Kelkar had much higher citronellol relative to geraniol (~51-63%) in some harvests. These differences affect aroma, strength, and suitability for different uses. Seasonal influence on composition of rose-scented geranium cultivars in India.
Uses in Aromatherapy & Skin Care
Rose geranium oil is often used in blends aiming for emotional balance, soothing skin, or creating a restful atmosphere. Its floral-rosy aroma with green facets makes it a favorite in skincare formulations, facial toners, and in massage blends to support circulation and calm. In traditional herbal medicine, some local uses in Tunisia also explore its function for both antioxidant and antimicrobial support when applied topically.
Safety and Precautions
Geranium Rose essential oil is generally considered safe when properly diluted. Always perform a patch test if you have sensitive skin. Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes. If pregnant, nursing, or managing serious health conditions consult a qualified professional. Ingestion of essential oils is not recommended without supervision.
References
- Changes in Essential Oil Content & Composition of Rose-Scented Geranium in Different Turkish Regions — DOAJ
- Phytochemical Composition & Antimicrobial Activities of Geranium Rose (Tunisia) — Lipids in Health & Disease
- Essential Oil Composition of Geranium Rose Cultivars Harvested in Different Seasons (India) — Journal of Essential Oil Research